同你吹下水先。講到儲存陣列,梗係SAN最煞食啦!雖然依家啲unstructured data同file content多到爆炸,SAN storage仲係食晒全球external disk storage支出嘅大餅。以前SAN連線主要靠Fibre Channel,但呢幾年Ethernet快到仆街,搞到iSCSI上位,變咗SAN storage嘅主流。仲有個Ethernet Fibre Channel (FCoE),聽就聽得多,但係好似冇乜人用。
SAN Storage 強係邊
SAN storage最正就係可以將好多嘢掟晒落一個pool度一齊玩,點用就睇你點set啲volume/LUN畀啲host。Storage array本身只係負責show容量,啲file system同OS嘢都係靠host搞掂。不過,storage array都有啲高級嘢玩㗎,例如跨唔同disk type嘅multi-site replication同埋sub-LUN data tiering,呢啲嘢喺array level搞掂好過喺host度慢慢搞,尤其係啲大公司,幾十甚至幾百部server駁埋同一個array,咁就爽啦!
SAN 可以點玩
以前十年,virtualization真係幫SAN storage打咗支強心針!除咗慳computing resources之外,virtualization仲可以將hardware同workload分開,方便搬來搬去。想搬app去做maintenance、workload balancing或者disaster recovery,冇shared storage真係搞唔掂。而家啲hypervisor廠商學MS Exchange咁,將啲storage intelligence塞落hypervisor level都幾得意,遲啲可能仲勁。總之,如果你玩緊virtual server,十成九都用緊shared storage。
Virtual Storage Appliance又係乜
講起SAN,唔講Virtual Storage Appliance (VSA)就唔抵。VSA呢樣嘢幾得意,佢可以用host本身啲local disk (DAS),但係又可以將啲容量夾埋一齊扮shared storage。呢種玩法又DAS又SAN,真係兩邊通殺!以前LeftHand Networks喺呢方面好巴閉,佢哋嘅VSA啱晒啲唔想用dedicated hardware嘅人玩入門級SAN。最近,啲大型cloud provider想平平哋起shared infrastructure,LeftHand就食住個勢上位。VMware都睇到呢個玩法有得做,最近都將VSA塞咗入vSphere。雖然VMware嘅VSA仲係BB級,功能冇LeftHand咁多,但都算係一個好開始。
另一樣值得留意嘅就係SSD array。佢同傳統disk array差唔多,都係畀shared storage多個host用,不過SSD就快到痴線,latency低到喊。對於啲high-performance computing啱晒,但係一般用,都係揀啲有勁data service同sub-LUN tiering嘅storage好啲,將啲hot data掟落SSD,其他就擺返啲平價大容量disk度。以前3PAR就係第一個喺high-end disk system度玩sub-LUN tiering嘅,因為佢哋發現90%嘅IO都係來自唔夠10%嘅block。所以話,SSD array雖然好勁,但未必個個啱用,應該仲會係niche market多一陣。
點解要用SAN
最後就係storage federation。VMware vMotion可以喺唔同host之間搬VM,storage federation就係可以喺similar storage system之間搬data volume,仲要唔使停機!同其他array-based data service一樣,federation可以幫你balance workload、搞maintenance,甚至upgrade infrastructure都冇咁煩。而家啲disk system個個都thin provisioning,遲啲storage federation都會係咁,因為啲data center佬都想喺一個位manage晒啲容量,而唔係逐個array咁搞。
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